ficult conversations, leaders end up having to have more. By seeking to avoid confrontation in the moment, leaders end up with more confrontation down the track, and in a bid to preserve the relationship today, it’s likely to suffer tomorrow, when direct reports ask, “Why didn’t you just tell me sooner?”. If the ‘difficult’ conversation is a challenge for you, consider these five ideas to better manage situations in the future. Stop assuming your team knows what’s expected of them. Most issues that lead to ‘difficult’ conversations stem from one or more people not acting in a way that is in line with the leader’s expectations, of those of the team or the organisation, and therein lies the issue. Teams often spend time in the early stages of a new project, or working relationship to establish workflows, milestones and OKRs, but rarely do they spend enough time establishing and agreeing on the norms around how the work will be done. For example, we assume people know what it means to be professional, punctual or collaborative, but it’s apparent that these words mean very different things to different people. Teams need to spend time to clarify and agree on exactly what we expect from everyone, and the manner in which we expect it. Writing down these norms and having team members sign off on them might sound excessive, but it sets you off on the right foot. Now you can hold people accountable for the things they agreed they would do, and the manner in which they said they agreed to do it. But what happens if people don’t do what they agreed to do? Change your language By calling them ‘difficult’ conversations we are doing what psychologists refer to as ‘priming’. If we tell ourselves or our spouse, we need to have a difficult conversation with a colleague, we are priming ourselves for difficulty. You might also think of it as a self-fulfilling prophecy. The leaders I work with are coached to drop the word ‘difficult’ from their lexicon when it comes to these types of conversations.  Instead, we talk of the need for a valuable conversation, or useful conversation or (brace yourself) just a conversation. The very first time you notice someone isn’t doing what the team agreed to do in the manner they agreed to do it, say this, “Hey, I noticed you [insert the behaviour]. Is everything ok?” Instead of ignoring the issue or hoping your colleague will correct themselves (which they won’t), picking up the issue as soon as possible, more often than not we prevent it from becoming a bigger issue down the track. In many cases this simple intervention – which is neither confrontational nor damaging to a relationship – will help realign your colleague to the team’s agreed norms. However, sometimes this won’t be enough, and you will need to have a more formal conversation. If this is the case, I urge you to approach this differently than perhaps you have in the past. Change your mindset The leaders I work with are coached to adopt a mindset of curiosity. I encourage them to be mindful when they ask, “Seriously, why can’t they do their job?” Asking this question with genuine curiosity leads to a far more useful outcome, than shouting it rhetorically. Leaders must also resist the urge to ‘win’ the conversation. If you win, they lose. And no-one improves by feeling like a loser. Try to not script the whole conversation  Scripts are only useful if both parties have read them and I’m guessing your colleague hasn’t learnt their lines! That said, it’s useful to craft a specific opening in order to get into the conversation. Firstly, locate when the most recent issue was: “Last week in our team meeting…” State the issue: “By not having your presentation ready…” State how it made you feel and a concern you have. Avoid speaking on behalf of others: “I felt let down, and a bit disrespected to be honest. We spent time at the beginning of the project about what we expected, and you agreed to turning up to our meetings fully prepared. I’m getting worried about how this might end up impacting the team.” Ask a question you don’t know the answer to: “So I’m curious, what’s your take on that?” Then by using a coaching approach you can guide your colleague to recommit to what the team agreed to. Start today  Regardless of where you’re at with a team or project, if you feel the need to reset in order to establish some norms, a great line you could use is, “So I’ve just read an interesting article and it’s got me thinking that we might not all be on exactly the same page about things. Could we spend a little time talking about this?” These steps will lead you to having less difficult conversations, both in number and in feel.