na for merchandise related to toys, games, comics and anime, which remained popular with teenagers and young adults throughout 2024 even as they reduced spending on items from beauty products to luxury handbags. The phenomenon has been dubbed “emotional consumption” in Chinese state media, and has been likened to the so-called “lipstick effect” in which consumers seek out more affordable luxuries as the economy languishes. Jia first met Linabell at Shanghai Disneyland three years ago and says she felt an immediate connection with the character. In the years since, she has transformed her home and bedroom with Linabell merchandise. “She has a positive influence on me, feeling her cuteness and energy is very soothing,” she said during a recent trip. Jia is far from alone in China in her devotion to Linabell, which has gained a large following since it was created as part of the Duffy and Friends series of characters – which also includes teddy bears, a bunny and a turtle. Linabell, which has since been introduced at parks in Hong Kong and Tokyo, is arguably Disney’s most popular character in China, attracting at least as many fans as Mickey or its Disney princesses. Many adults, mainly young women, join daily queues to see Linabell, wanting to get a hug and take home a selfie as a souvenir from their day at Disney. Alongside Linabell and Duffy and Friends, which have their own dedicated boutiques inside Shanghai Disneyland, others that are benefiting from the trend include collectible toy brands such as Jellycat and Chinese blind box toy retailer Pop Mart whose Labubu rabbit-like character sparked a global craze. “They are filling an emotional void, the products are there to remind themselves that you can be happy about the little things in life,” said Yaling Jiang, founder of research and strategy consultancy ApertureChina. “I do believe it’s related to the economy.” According to Sami Wong, a psychotherapist and managing director of 3Drips Psychology, a research firm, the growth of emotional consumption in China is also part of the evolution in younger consumers’ behaviour away from purchasing goods simply as a status symbol. “It’s really about understanding themselves and how to get in touch with their internal needs so they can establish an identity that feels consistent and coherent with their sense of self,” she said. Xia Sansan, 28, along with her husband Rooney Sheng, are the proud owners of what they believe is the world’s largest collection of Duffy and Friends merchandise, having bought every single item released by Disney in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Tokyo. Their 100-square-metre (1076.39 square feet) apartment in Shanghai is crammed with their collection of thousands of toys arranged in floor-to-ceiling cabinets, alongside racks of headbands, bags, keychains and more. Xia estimates they have spent more than 1 million yuan (US$136,429.37) in total. “I mainly consider the emotional value when I consume,” Xia said. “The value comes from seeing so many dolls at home every day, which makes me very happy, it’s this kind of healing feeling,” Sheng added. Yasmeen Chen, creative director of merchandise at Shanghai Disney Resort and part of the team that created Linabell, said the character’s popularity had exceeded their expectations and that she had the potential to find success beyond Asia. “These days everyone is looking at their phones, and using computers, the interaction between people is less and sometimes, there may be less companionship with parents, friends, or family,” she said. “I think in this regard, Linabell and Duffy and Friends provide a lot of emotional value.” Reporting by Casey Hall in Shanghai, additional reporting by Xiaoyu Yin in Beijing; Editing by Brenda Goh and Kate Mayberry, of Reuters.